In healthcare, this technique is used in resuscitation procedures. However, as soon as time permits, the checklist is used to confirm that the steps were executed as required. 11 For this reason, aircrew practice time critical emergency procedures regularly to aid in forming the correct ‘habits’.
10 Despite notable exceptions (such as ‘choking’ under pressure), procedural memory retrieval is less affected by stress than declarative or episodic memory retrieval. Through training and repetition, the paired cognitive and motor activities required to perform the checklist are stored by the pilot as procedural memory (or ‘motor skills’). Correct and rapid execution of these steps is so critical and essential, that pilots must complete them from memory. The aircraft manufacturer selects one of the following formats based on the expected severity of the problem, and the time likely to be available to solve it.īoldface items are for immediate action, when the aircraft may be lost if the items are not completed quickly and in the correct order.
#BACK IN TIME 2015 PROFESSIONAL#
As checklists are increasingly imposed through a variety of professional and regulatory mandates in North America, 5 Europe 6 and elsewhere, 7 perhaps it is time to review the fundamental principles of checklist use, including why they might work and how we can implement them better.Ĭhecklists developed to address emergency situations may contain boldface, non-boldface or flowchart items. When ideas are translated from one industry to another, the assumptions underlying the original concepts may be lost or diluted. Scholars debating the efficacy of checklist implementation in healthcare have identified important reasons for varying results: that success requires complex, cultural and organisational change efforts, not just the checklist itself 2 that results may be confounded by a mix of the technical and socioadaptive elements, 3 and that local contexts may either augment or undermine the implementation's outcomes.
Large-scale implementations with conflicting outcomes suggest that these tools are not as simple or effective as hoped. Healthcare safety activists have looked to checklists to solve a myriad of problems, particularly with the current iteration of checklists that have been imported from aviation. The checklist approach has the same potential to save lives and prevent morbidity in medicine that it did in aviation over 70 years ago by ensuring that simple standards are applied for every patient, every time.
0 kommentar(er)
